Ukususwa ozenzele kona

Ukukhutshwa kwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle kubhekiselele kwinkqubo yokuhlolwa, ukubhengezwa, ukuvunywa, ukuvalelwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zempahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phantsi kweliso lezithethe.

Isibhengezo sempahla yelizwe yinkqubo yokungenisa amaxwebhu kwizithethe ukuze kubhengezwe iimpahla ngaphambi kokuba zifike zingeniswe okanye zithunyelwe ngaphandle. La manyathelo mabini adityaniswe ngokusondeleyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo aphathwa ngumthwali okanye ii-arhente ezichongiweyo.

Amazwe anemimiselo eyahlukeneyo yokungenisa elizweni, kuquka imirhumo kunye nemirhumo yempahla evela kumazwe angaphandle. Ukuba iimpahla zivalelwe ngamasiko, kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze zihambelane nemithetho yendawo. Kubalulekile ukuphonononga imithetho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yelizwe ngalinye phambi kokuba kuthengwe ngaphandle.

YINTONI UKUCINQWA KWESIKO/ISIBHENGEZO/UKUSIKIWA/UKUVALWA KWAYE NKUKHULULWA NGESIKO?

Ukususwa ozenzele kona

Ukukhutshwa kwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle (Customs clearance) yinkqubo efunekayo ekungenisweni nasekuthunyelweni kwempahla elizweni. Kubandakanya ukubhengeza izinto kumagosa aphethe irhafu, ukugqiba isindululo serhafu, ukuhlolwa nokuhlawula irhafu. Kuphela emva kwala manyathelo apho umnini okanye isibhengezo anokuthi aqokelele iimpahla.

Izithuthi zezothutho kufuneka kwakhona zibhengeze imixholo yazo kubathengi kwaye bafumane imvume yokungena, ukuphuma okanye ukuhamba. Ngethuba le nkqubo, iimpahla zijongwa kwaye azikwazi ukujikeleza ngokukhululekileyo. Kuthumelo lwempahla, 'ukususwa kwempahla' kubhekiselele kuyo yonke imisebenzi enxulumene nokungeniswa ngaphandle, kubandakanywa ukubhengezwa, ukuhlolwa, kunye nokuhanjiswa.

Isibhengezo seCustoms

Ukubhengezwa kweCustoms yenye yamanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuzalisekisa iinkqubo zokungena kunye nokuphuma. Kubhekiselele kwinkqubo apho umntu ophethe iindlela zothutho ezingenayo neziphumayo, umthumeli okanye umthumeli wempahla kunye namanqaku okanye ii-arhente zabo benza izibhengezo kwaye bahambe ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nomthetho xa bedlula kwi-port yolawulo lwempahla.

Isibhengezo sezinto ezithengwayo linyathelo elithile, ngokuqhelekileyo umthumeli okanye umthumeli wokungenisa elizweni kunye nokuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe okanye i-arhente ibhengeze ulwazi oluthile lomthwalo kwizithethe, ingabhekiseli kuphela kwizithethe zokuthumela ngaphandle kodwa kuquka nokungeniswa. I-arhente ehambelanayo yi-arhente yokubhengeza izithethe.

YISUSE ECALENI

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, inkampani nganye yokuthumela iya kuba nomda wexesha lokubhengezwa kwempahla elayishiweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isibhengezo sinokwenziwa malunga neentsuku ezi-4 ngaphambi kokuhamba ngomkhumbi, kwaye ulwazi lokukhululwa kwezithethe luya kumiswa ngosuku okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokuhamba ngomkhumbi. Eli lixesha lokunqunyulwa kwezithethe.

Ukuvala

Ukukhutshwa kweCustoms yinkqubo elandela ukukhululwa kwezithethe, ezibandakanya ukungeniswa kolwazi malunga nokukhutshwa kunye nempahla elayishiweyo yokufayilisha kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha. Ibandakanya imbuyekezo yerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokucinywa kotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. Umhla wokukhutshwa kwempahla kuxa amasiko evumela iinqanawa zamazwe ngamazwe ukuba zimke emva kokuba zonke iinkqubo kunye neentlawulo zigqityiwe.

Ukukhutshwa ngokweSiko

Ukukhutshwa kwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle (Customs clearance) yinkqubo ebandakanya ukubhengezwa kwempahla kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezifunekayo zokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle. Kubandakanya ukugqiba iinkqubo ezinjengokubhengezwa, ukuhlolwa, ukurhafiswa nokukhululwa kweempahla njengoko zingena okanye ziphuma kumhlaba welizwe. Ekuqhubeni urhwebo, i-post-verification nayo kufuneka igqitywe. Akuba egqityiwe onke la manyathelo, le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-custos clearance.

INKQUBO YOKWENZIWA KOMTHETHO WENTSINGISELO EQHELEKILEYO IQUKA LA manyathelo alandelayo.

IYINTONI IKHOWUDI YE-HS? IKHOWUDI YE-HS YAMAZWE?

Olona lwimi luqhelekileyo lwezoqoqosho kunye nekhowudi ephuhliswe yi-World Customs Organisation (WCO) yikhowudi ye-6 ebizwa ngokuba yi-Harmonized System Code okanye i-HS Code. I-HS sisishunqulelo se-Harmonized System. IKhowudi yeHS luhlelo lwempahla kunye nenkqubo yokufakwa kweekhowudi esetyenziswa ngamanani amasiko, ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nawo onke amaqela abandakanyekayo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Isisiseko senkqubo esetyenziswa ngamazwe angama-212 ehlabathini lonke. Ngelixa amanye amazwe esiya ngqo kwimivo emi-6, uninzi luyandisa ukuya kutsho kumanani ayi-7-12 ukuvumela ulwahlulo oluchanekileyo.

Ngamagama alula, inkqubo yeKhowudi yeHS isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imigangatho yenkcazo yokuhlelwa kwempahla ngamasiko kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ukwahlula iimpahla, kunye nokumisela iirhafu ezihambelanayo kunye namanye amanyathelo olawulo. IKhowudi ye-HS ithatha umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe odityanisiweyo ikhowudi yeedijithi ezi-6, kwaye iikhowudi ezingaphezulu kwamadijithi ama-6 zichongwa kwilizwe ngalinye.

IKhowudi yeHS ngokuqhelekileyo inamanani ali-9 okanye ali-10.

Amanani ama-4 okuqala ekhowudi yemveliso athi 'iHeader', emele uhlobo lwemveliso. Le khowudi imanyene kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye inokujongwa kwi-intanethi.

Idijithi yesihlanu neyesithandathu ithi 'i-Sub', emele uhlalutyo oluthe kratya lwemveliso, njengokuhlelwa kwezinto kunye nenjongo yokusetyenziswa.

I-7 ukuya kweye-10 idijithi imele 'ubuninzi' (Into), kwaye iikhowudi ezingaphezulu kwamadijithi ama-6 zimiselwa ilizwe ngalinye kwiimveliso ezihambelanayo.

Imfuneko kunye nokubaluleka kweKhowudi yeHS

Imimiselo ye-Malaysian Customs ifuna abathumeli bangaphandle ukuba bahlele ngokuchanekileyo iimpahla zabo kunye neKhowudi ye-HS echanekileyo kuwo onke amaxwebhu. Ukuhlelwa ngendlela engachanekanga kunokukhokelela kuluhlu lweempazamo kunye neempazamo zerhafu, okukhokelela kwisidingo sokuhlawula izixa-mali ezingacalulwanga kakuhle, ukufumana izohlwayo, okanye ukuvalelwa kweempahla.

Ngaba unayo ingqiqo enzulu yeKhowudi yeHS? Ukongeza kwiKhowudi ye-HS, amaxwebhu afunekayo ekuthuthweni kwamanye amazwe aquka iFomu E, i-K1 Form, iimvume zokungenisa elizweni, njl.njl., ezixhaphakileyo kubarhwebi, kunye namanye amaxwebhu anzima nantsonkothileyo anxulumeneyo.

YINTONI ISIQINISEKISO SOKUPHUMA

Isatifikethi semvelaphi sisetyenziswa kwindlu ngendlu?

Kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, isatifikethi semvelaphi sidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukukhutshwa kwamasiko akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso semvelaphi. Sisiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo samasiko okuqokelela amaxabiso. Izatifikethi ezikhethwayo zemvelaphi zinokukonwabela ukucuthwa kwamaxabiso athile kunye nokukhululwa.

Imisebenzi engundoqo yesatifikethi semvelaphi esikhutshwe lilizwe elithumela ngaphandle kwilizwe elingenisayo yile:

1)Esona siseko siphambili sokumisela unyango lwerhafu (nokuba lunike unyango olukhethekileyo)

2)Isiseko esibalulekileyo seenkcukacha-manani zorhwebo (ilizwe/ingingqi yamanani ezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle)

3) Isiseko sokuphumeza amanyathelo okulawula urhwebo lwangaphandle njengokulawula ubungakanani bokungenisa, ukuchasana nokulahla, kunye nokuchasana nenkxaso-mali (ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi imilinganiselo yokulawula urhwebo lwangaphandle olusebenzayo ngokusekelwe kwilizwe lemvelaphi)

4)Lawula ukungeniswa kwempahla kumazwe athile kwaye umisele isiseko sokukhululwa (ulawulo oluthile olusekwe 'kwilizwe' lempahla)

5) Ubungqina bomgangatho wemveliso wangaphakathi okanye isiseko sotshintshiselwano.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezatifikethi zemvelaphi zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo, ezinje:

Iimfuno zokukhutshwa kweTshayina - iSatifikethi seNdawo yoRhwebo eSimahla ye-ASEAN seMvelaphi (iSatifikethi seFOM E) zezi zilandelayo:

1) Izihloko zamaxwebhu okukhutshwa kwempahla yempahla yexabiso ezifana noluhlu lokupakisha, i-invoyisi kunye ne-bill of lading kufuneka ihambelane nesihloko sesatifikethi seFOMU E. Isihloko sesiqinisekiso seFOMU E ngumhlathi wokuqala: 1. Iimpahla ezithunyelwe zisuka (igama leshishini lomthengisi ngaphandle, idilesi, ilizwe)

2) Xa ufaka isicelo sokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi seFOMU E, kufuneka unikeze la maxwebhu: ikopi ye-bill ye-lading yokuqala, ikopi yefomu yokubhengezwa kokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye noluhlu lokupakisha kunye ne-invoyisi.

Zeziphi iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zezatifikethi zemvelaphi?

Izatifikethi zelizwe lethu zemvelaphi zohlulwe kakhulu zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: izatifikethi ezingakhethiyo zemvelaphi, izatifikethi ezikhethekileyo zemvelaphi kunye neziqinisekiso ezikhethekileyo zemvelaphi.

Izatifikethi ezikhethekileyo zemvelaphi ziquka:

'Isatifikethi seMvelaphi yeeMveliso zezoLimo eziThunyelwe kwiManyano yaseYurophu', 'iSatifikethi soBunyani beCuba', 'iSatifikethi seHlabathi saseKimberley Process', 'iSatifikethi seMveliso yeMveliso yezoLimo', 'iSatifikethi sokuMakisha iMveliso', njl. njl. yeOrigin yeTokay Wine', 'Isiqinisekiso soBunyani sewayini yoMlawuli'...